Shahid Beheshti University Legal Research Quarterly 1024-0772 25 Law & covid-19 vol.2 2022 05 22 Constitutional Law Requirements for Dealing with Emergency Situations with emphasis on Covid 19 Constitutional Law Requirements for Dealing with Emergency Situations with emphasis on Covid 19 767 793 102501 10.29252/jlr.2022.226826.2165 FA Moslem Aghaei Togh University of Judicial Sciences and Administrative Services Journal Article 2022 02 20 Although laws and regulations in all legal systems are typically<br />formulated, enacted, and promulgated for ordinary situations, sometimes<br />situations arise for political systems that endanger the life of society. To<br />manage these dangerous situations, there are various tools in political<br />systems, one of which is to declare a state of emergency. In such cases,<br />restrictions on fundamental rights and freedoms, including the right of<br />movement, the right to employment and the freedom of the media, are<br />imposed. Given that the fundamental rights and freedoms of the people are<br />restricted in a state of emergency, it is imperative that governments adhere to<br />a set of formal and substantive rules so that this situation does not lead to a<br />fundamental violation of fundamental rights and freedoms. With the spread<br />of Covid 19 disease around the world, some countries have declared a health<br />emergency in order to deal with the disease. In Iran, although the capacities<br />of Article 79 of the Constitution were not formally used and a state of<br />emergency was not declared, the use of Article 176 of the Constitution<br />imposed restrictions on some rights and freedoms. An examination of the<br />process of applying these restrictions in Iran shows that the formal and<br />substantive requirements for emergency situations have been met to a large<br />extent. Although laws and regulations in all legal systems are typically<br />formulated, enacted, and promulgated for ordinary situations, sometimes<br />situations arise for political systems that endanger the life of society. To<br />manage these dangerous situations, there are various tools in political<br />systems, one of which is to declare a state of emergency. In such cases,<br />restrictions on fundamental rights and freedoms, including the right of<br />movement, the right to employment and the freedom of the media, are<br />imposed. Given that the fundamental rights and freedoms of the people are<br />restricted in a state of emergency, it is imperative that governments adhere to<br />a set of formal and substantive rules so that this situation does not lead to a<br />fundamental violation of fundamental rights and freedoms. With the spread<br />of Covid 19 disease around the world, some countries have declared a health<br />emergency in order to deal with the disease. In Iran, although the capacities<br />of Article 79 of the Constitution were not formally used and a state of<br />emergency was not declared, the use of Article 176 of the Constitution<br />imposed restrictions on some rights and freedoms. An examination of the<br />process of applying these restrictions in Iran shows that the formal and<br />substantive requirements for emergency situations have been met to a large<br />extent. https://lawresearchmagazine.sbu.ac.ir/article_102501_96edffdd3cc4f6090f33c3779d4e0c12.pdf