Legal Research Quarterly

Legal Research Quarterly

A Comparative Study of the General Duties of Company Directors in Iran and UK Law

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
ali khajavi 1
Amirhossein Saadati Cheshmeghaan 2
Mohammad Hadi Daraei 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Law & Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Corresponding Author Email: saadati.amir@ut.ac.ir
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Judicial Law, University of Judicial Sciences & Administrative Services, Tehran, Iran
10.48308/jlr.2024.234720.2677
Abstract
Transparency and clarity of regulations governing the actions of economic activists are goals pursued by developing and developed countries. Achieving these goals relies on the adoption of precise and effective regulations. This article attempts to explore, with a focus on the Companies Act 2006 of the United Kingdom and the rulings of its courts, and the alignment of these provisions with the laws governing commercial companies in Iran, whether managers have duties beyond their formal responsibilities in managing the company towards stakeholders regarding the management of the company and the achievement of its goals? It should be examined whether, in addition to the formal duties specified in Iranian law in cases such as the manager’s lack of effort to achieve the company’s business goals or the lack of the ability required to manage the company, managers are expected to have general duties that would lead to their liability to stakeholders. Unlike the United Kingdom, Iranian laws have not explicitly and systematically addressed such duties, and the legislative focus has been on the formal duties of directors. The experience of commercial companies in Iran has shown that this lack of clarity has led to problems in the advancement of companies and the exploitation of conflicts of interest by some managers. The absence of legal requirements for individuals with specific criteria and the failure to identify key managerial responsibilities incur costs for both the company and society. This comparative article, written using a descriptive-analytical method, focuses on the obligations and duties of managers towards the company, which are sporadically mentioned in the Iranian Commercial Code without precise distinction
Keywords
Company directors
General duties
Companies Act 2006
Commercial law
Subjects

  1.  

    فارسی

    کتاب

    1. اسکینی، ربیعا، حقوق تجارت: شرکت‌های تجاری، جلد 1 و 2، تهران: سمت، چاپ بیست و چهارم، ۱۳۹۶.
    2. حقانی، سعید، شناسایی و مقابله با تقلب شرکا در تصمیم سازی مجامع عمومی شرکت‌های تجاری، تهران: گنج دانش، ۱۳۹۷.
    3. صفار، محمدجواد، شخصیت حقوقی، تهران: بهنامی، چاپ دوم، 1395.
    4. صقری، محمد، حقوق بازرگانی شرکت‌ها، جلد 1 و 2، تهران: مجد، چاپ اول، ۱۴۰۱.
    5. عیسائی تفرشی، محمد، حقوق شرکت­های تجاری، جلد 1، تهران: دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، چاپ دوم، ۱۳۹۵.
    6. کاویانی، کوروش، حقوق شرکت‌های تجارتی، تهران: میزان، چاپ چهارم، 1395.
    7. کیانی،کریم، حقوق بازرگانی، تهران: کتابخانه دانشگاه تهران، ۱۳۴۹.

    مقاله

    1. پوررضایی، علی، علی غریبه و حسن پاشازاده، «قاعده‌گذاری و اهداف آن در قلمروی وظایف عام مدیران شرکت‌های سهامی (مطالعه در حقوق ایران و انگلیس)»، فصلنامه پژوهش حقوق خصوصی، دوره ۱۱، شماره ۴۳، 1402، صص 180-149.
    2. جنیدی، لعیا و معصومه اکبریان طبری، ‌«رابطه امانی مدیران در شرکت‌های سهامی: بررسی تطبیقی در حقوق ایران و انگلستان»، دو فصلنامه حقوق تطبیقی، دوره 5، شماره 2، 1397، صص 96-69.
    3. عیسائی تفرشی، محمد، حبیب رمضانی آکردی و حمیدرضا عباسی منش، «ارتقای موفقیت شرکت؛ وظیفه‌ای برای مدیران (مطالعه در حقوق ایران و انگلیس)»، پژوهش‌های حقوق تطبیقی، دوره ۱۹، شماره ۴، 1394، صص 148-123.
    4. مقدم، عیسی، «مطالعۀ تطبیقی رقابت مدیر شرکت تجاری با شرکت از طریق انجام معامالتی مشابه معامالت شرکت در حقوق انگلیس و ایاالت متحده امریکا و ایران»، مجله حقوق تطبیقی، دوره ۱۲، شماره ۱، 1400، صص 368-351.

    قوانین

    1. قانون تجارت.
    2. لایحه اصلاحی قانون تجارت ۱۳۴۷.

    عربی

    کتاب

    1. عاملی، سید محمدجواد، محمد حسینی و محمد باقر خالصی، مفتاح الکرامه فی شرح قواعد العلامه، قم: دفتر انتشارات اسلامی جامعه مدرسین حوزه علمیه قم، ۱۳۹۷.

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    1. Aldahmash, Abdollah Nasser. “Powers, Duties, and Liabilities of Company Directors: A Comparative Study of the Law and Practice in the UK and Saudi Arabia”, PhD Thesis, Lancaster University, 2020.
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    1. Peters, Nichola. Michelle De Kluyver., Jaya Gupta. “Addleshaw Goddard LLP”, Available at: Directors’ Duties: The UK Perspective - Global Investigations Review, Last Visited: (29/3/2023).

  • Receive Date 06 February 2024
  • Revise Date 20 July 2024
  • Accept Date 31 July 2024