رویکرد سازمان تجارت جهانی نسبت به اصل شفافیت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشکده حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

شفافیت همواره به عنوان یکی از اصول مهم  سازمان تجارت جهانی تلقی گردیده است. بررسی رویکرد سازمان تجارت جهانی می تواند ابزارها و رویه‌هایی که این سازمان جهت بلوغ و تکامل این اصل مدنظر قرار داده است را تبیین نماید. بر این اساس، مطالب این نوشتار در سه بخشِ ارائه می‌گردد. در بخش اول به بررسی قلمرو شفافیت در سیاق سازمان تجارت جهانی پرداخته می‌شود، این بررسی نشان می‌دهد، که تقریبا در تمامی موافقتنامه‌های این سازمان شاهد مقرره‌ای پیرامون شفافیت هستیم. در بخش دوم به بررسی سیرتکامل شفافیت در سازمان تجارت جهانی پرداخته می‌شود این بررسی مشخص می سازد که اصل شفافیت فرایندی در حال تکامل و رو به رشد داشته و سیر این تکامل، بنحوی  بوده است که به عنوان مبنایی جهت تغییر در ساختار این سازمان مدنظر قرار گرفته و این امکان را فراهم آورده است که بر اساس آن تلاش‌هایی جهت اصلاح فرایندهای ایجادِ خط‌مشی‌های تجاری در سیستم داخلی اعضا، صورت پذیرد. در پایان به بررسی رویکرد نهادهای حل اختلاف سازمان نسبت به اصل شفافیت پرداخته می شود، این بررسی مشخص میسازد که این نهاد رویکردی همسو با سازمان در پذیرش شفافیت داشته و سعی نموده است که از سیاق ابتدایی و مضیق ضوابط شفافیت فراتر رفته و آن را به عنوان مبنایی جهت توسعۀ تدریجی رویه قضائی بنحوی مورد تفسیر قرار دهد، که امکان حرکت به سوی تحقق حکمرانی مطلوب فراهم آید.‌‌‌‌‌



 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

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نویسندگان [English]

  • M.J GHanbari 1
  • M.A Zamani 2
 
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