نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه حقوق، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
2 دانش آموخته دوره دکتری حقوق بین الملل دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The issuance of the advisory opinion by the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea on May 21, 2024, is considered a milestone regarding states' obligations to support and protect the marine environment against climate change. In this opinion, the most significant judicial authority in law of the sea, interprets the provisions of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) to address climate change. The main question of this research is: according to ITLOS, what are the obligations of states under international law to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change in marine areas? The results of this study, conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and based on library resources, indicate that, although UNCLOS does not explicitly set out obligations regarding climate change and its harmful effects, in this opinion, the Tribunal, through an evolutionary interpretation, has established a connection between two obligations in this document: the duty to prevent, control, and combat marine pollution, and the duty to preserve the marine environment on the one hand, and addressing climate change on the other. Additionally, ITLOS considers a "stringent due diligence" standard as a benchmark for implementing these obligations, which implies establishing a national system to legislate, implement, and ensure climate change mitigation activities.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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