رویکرد نظام تقنینی دادرسی کیفری نوین ایران مبتنی بر نظریه برچسب زنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دوره دکتری حقوق جزا و جرمشناسی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی تهران

2 استادیار گروه حقوق جزا و جرمشناسی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

چکیده

امروزه بزه دیدگی قضایی یکی از مهم‌ترین مسائل مبتلابه در مطالعات کیفری است. وجود اصطلاحات مبهمی چون امنیت و نظم عمومی و ...، بدون پیش‌بینی سیاست جنایی سنجیده‌ای که بتواند از استبداد قضایی جلوگیری کند، حقوق اصحاب دعوا را تهدید می‌کند. به بهانه کشف جرم و تسریع در عملیات و گزارش موفقیت‌های انتظامی و قضایی در سرعت بخشی به مراحل تعقیب و تحقیق و ... فارغ از حقیقت بزهکاری زمینه برچسب‌زنیِ مجرمانه به متهم ایجاد می‌گردد. یکی از مؤثرترین منشأهای شومِ برچسب‌زنی، آن دسته از قوانین آیین دادرسی کیفری هستند که بجای قضازدایی و تکریم حقوق انسانی با تعقیب و تحقیق از متهم به بدترین وضعیت از حیث ابلاغ اوراق قضایی و تفهیم اتهام و بازداشت و دادرسی و...، بدون توجه به اصلِ صرفه جویی در حقوق جزا و الزامات بین‌المللی در حمایت تقنینی و قضایی و اجرایی از تضمینات حقوق دفاعی متهم، ضوابط دادرسی کیفری را به‌گونه‌ای تنظیم می‌کنند که موجب الصاق برچسب مجرمانه به متهم می‌گردد و نهایتاً دستگاه رسمی کیفری کشور را مبتلا به کارکرد جرم‌زا می‌کند. این مقاله به تأثیرات مثبت توجه به نظریه برچسب‌زنی بر قانون آیین دادرسی کیفری مصوب 1392 می‌پردازد؛ بررسی‌ها نشان می‌دهد گرچه همچنان ایراداتی به چشم می‌خورد اما گام بزرگ قانون‌گزار در جهت کاهش آسیب‌دیدگی قضایی شایان توجه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The approach of the new criminal justice system of Iran based on the theory of labeling

نویسندگان [English]

  • tahmineh shahpouri 1
  • tahmoores bashirie 2
1 PHD student of criminal law and criminology at Allame tabatabai university
2 assistant professor of criminal law and criminology at ATU university
چکیده [English]

Today, judicial victimization is one of the most important issues in criminal investigations. Existence of ambiguous terms such as security and public order ... threatens the rights of parties without anticipating a deliberate criminal policy that can prevent judicial tyranny. Under the pretext of detecting crime and speeding up operations, reporting on the success of law enforcement and the speed of the process of prosecution and investigation… labeling of criminal is brought to the accused; regardless of the truth of delinquency. One of the most effective resources of labeling is the criminal procedure that are accused people in worst way of litigation and indictment, arrest and prosecution and punishing instead of respecting human rights; Regardless of the principle of penal parsimony, international requirements for the implementation of the law, the executive of the defendant's rights, the rules of criminal procedure that lack of this rules lead to the commission of a judicial victimization against the accused, and finally And ultimately, the criminal justice system is producing new offences. This article examines the positive effects of labeling theory on the Criminal Code of 2013; the article shows that, while there are some defects, The big step by lawmakers to reduce judicial harm is considerable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • labeling theory
  • initial deviation
  • secondary deviation
  • criminal procedure
Refrences
Books
1)      Ebrahimi, Zain al-Abedin, Review of the Causes of Proceedings in the Courts of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Legal Courts of Justice, No. 32, Autumn 2000, 186-173
2)      Khazaee, Manouchehr, Theoretical and practical review of criminal procedure, Journal of Legal Research, Shahid Beheshti Faculty of Law, 1997
3)      Rostami Tabrizi, Lomia; Mohtashami, Neda; Theory of Functionalism and Its Critical Analysis, Legal Studies, Autumn 2013, Vol. 4, 1392, No 3, 59-104
4)      Siegel and the Senate, Larry, Joseph, "Two Social Response Theory, labeling and Conflict", translated by Jafar Mohammad Pourfard, Security Quarterly (Deputy Minister of Security of the Interior Ministry), Fourth, 2000, No. 11 & 12, 64-54
5)      Storm, ISAN, Causes of Proceedings in Courts: A pair of Iron Shoe, Law Firm, March 1390, No. 39,104-105
6)      Gausson, Raymond, Observations on the Purpose of Criminal Procedure, Shahram Ebrahimi's Translations, Legal Journal of Justice, (Autumn and Winter 2006), No. 56, 57,, 333-338
7)      Golvost Joybari, Rajab, Attachment, Rahman, The role of judges in the context of justice, Journal of jurisprudential views, (Summer 2011), No. 54, 91-116.
8)      Moazengan, Hassan Ali, Review of Temporary Detention in the Hearing Act of the Year of 78 ", Quarterly Journal of Public Law Research, Summer and Winter 2000, Volume 3, 152-1151) Akhundi, Mahmoud, Criminal Procedure and Thoughts, C 4, First Printing, Qom: Ishraq Publishing, 2000
9)      Akhundi, Mahmoud, Practical Criminal Procedure, Fifth Edition, Tehran: Majd Publication, 2005
10)  Assyria, Mohammad, Criminal Justice (Proceedings), First Edition, Tehran: Ganj Danesh, 1997
11)  Ahmadi, Habib, Sociology of Deviations, Third Edition, Tehran, Sari Publication, 2005
12)  Hosseini, Seyyed Naser, prorogation of proceeding and its causes, Ma'awi Journal, No. 493, 2005
13)  Heidarzadeh, Hadi, Prosecutor of Judges, Tehran, First edition, Azadeh Publication, 1313
14)   Khaleghi, Ali, Criminal Procedure, Twenty-Sixth Edition, Tehran, Publishing House, 2011
15)  Delmas Marty, Miri, Large Political Criminal Policies, Translation by Ali Hossein Najafi Ebrahbandadi, Tehran, Publishing, 2002
16)  Rajabi Pour, Mahmoud, Fundamentals of Social Prevention of Child and Adolescent Delinquency (Police Training and Prevention), Tehran, Montahedy Publication, 2008
17)  Salimi and Davari, Ali and Mohammad, Disturbing Sociology (First Book of the Collegium of Distraction and Social Control), Qom, Hawaiian and University Press, 2001
18)  Farrokhi, Hamid Reza, Criminal Law and the Occupation of Professionals, Tehran: Majd Scientific and Cultural Assembly, 2010,
19)  Ghaemmaghami, Farhat, System of Rupture and Social Deviations (Introduction to the Sociology of Deviant Behavior), The Enlightenment Publishing House, 1350
20)  Giddens & Bardsell, Anthony, Karen; Sociology, Hassan Chavashian translation, First edition, Tehran, Neji Publishing House, 2007
21)   Mohammadi Asl, Abbas, Juvenile Delinquency and Theories of Social Deviation, Tehran, Science Publishing, 2006
22)   Najafi Abrandabadi, Ali Hossein, Criminology (jurisprudence), Faculty of Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, 1373-1374
23)  Najafi Ebrahbandadi, Ali Hossein, Criminological Approach to the Law of Citizenship Rights, Proceedings of the Citizen's Rights Conference (Center for Human Rights Studies and Student Law Association of the University of Tehran, Tehran, 2009, 30-13)
24)   White Hines, Rob and Fiona, An Introduction to Crime and Criminology, Translated by Mirrud al-Din Sediq Bhuthea Original, Second Edition, Tehran: Judges Publishing, 2003
articles
1)      Ebrahimi, Zain al-Abedin, Review of the Causes of Proceedings in the Courts of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Legal Courts of Justice, No. 32, Autumn 2000, 186-173
2)       Khazaee, Manouchehr, Theoretical and practical review of criminal procedure, Journal of Legal Research, Shahid Beheshti Faculty of Law, 1997
3)       Rostami Tabrizi, Lomia; Mohtashami, Neda; Theory of Functionalism and Its Critical Analysis, Legal Studies, Autumn 2013, Vol. 4, 1392, No 3, 59-104
4)       Siegel and the Senate, Larry, Joseph, "Two Social Response Theory, labeling and Conflict", translated by Jafar Mohammad Pourfard, Security Quarterly (Deputy Minister of Security of the Interior Ministry), Fourth, 2000, No. 11 & 12, 64-54
5)      Storm, ISAN, Causes of Proceedings in Courts: A pair of Iron Shoe, Law Firm, March 1390, No. 39,104-105
6)      Gausson, Raymond, Observations on the Purpose of Criminal Procedure, Shahram Ebrahimi's Translations, Legal Journal of Justice, (Autumn and Winter 2006), No. 56, 57,, 333-338
7)      Golvost Joybari, Rajab, Attachment, Rahman, The role of judges in the context of justice, Journal of jurisprudential views, (Summer 2011), No. 54, 91-116.
8)       Moazengan, Hassan Ali, Review of Temporary Detention in the Hearing Act of the Year of 78 ", Quarterly Journal of Public Law Research, Summer and Winter 2000, Volume 3, 152-115
9)      Lary siegel, Juvenile Delinquency Wadworth( 2000(
10)  Muzumdar, Prathamesh, Influence of interactional justice on the turnover behavioral decision in an organization, Journal of Behavioral Studies in Business
11)  Uli orth,(December 2002) secondary victimization of crime vicyims by criminal proceeding, social justice research, vol 15, no 4
Electronic source
1)      Majidi, Behrooz, Legal Rights Center www.haghsostar.ir, Last visited on 05/06/1394