‌اقاله و فسخ قرارداد بازیکنان فوتبال و نتایج آن با تاکید بر مقررات فیفا و رویه قضایی حقوق ورزش

وکیل, امیرساعد; مظهری, فرزاد

doi:10.52547/jlr.2022.228868.2318

‌اقاله و فسخ قرارداد بازیکنان فوتبال و نتایج آن با تاکید بر مقررات فیفا و رویه قضایی حقوق ورزش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استادیار دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران

² گروه حقوق تجارت بین الملل دانشکده حقوق پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران

10.52547/jlr.2022.228868.2318

چکیده

چکیده

قرارداد میان باشگاه ورزشی و بازیکن فوتبال از یک سو مشمول مقررات کار و از سوی دیگر به عنوان یک رابطه قراردادی همواره مورد احترام بوده است و بازیکن فوتبال و باشگاه باید تعهدات قراردادی خود را براساس اصل لزوم وفای به عهد و ثبات قرادادی در ورزش فوتبال بطور کامل ایفا نمایند. مبانی قانونی اقاله یا فسخ چنین قراردادی و آثار آن در «مقررات وضیعت و نقل و انتقال بازیکنان فیفا» پیش‌بینی شده است و رویه قضایی اتاق حل اختلاف فیفا و دیوان داوری ورزش آن را توسعه داده‌اند. براساس این مقررات، اصولا قرارداد میان بازیکن فوتبال و باشگاه ورزشی تا پایان مدت قرارداد یا توافق دوجانبه طرفین مبنی بر خاتمه قرارداد پابرجا می‌ماند. علاوه بر اینکه بر اساس توافقات فی ما بین نیز می توان دلایل قراردادی دیگری برای فسخ پیش بینی نمود، با این وجود اقاله و فسخ یکجانبه به استناد علت موجه و یا علت موجه ورزشی بدون هیچ گونه محرومیت ورزشی یا جبران غرامتی، از استثنائات قانونی اصل ثبات قراردادی در حقوق ورزش است. این نتیجه با روشی تحلیلی و با رویکردی تطبیقی ضمن مطالعه مقررات فیفا و قوانین سوییس و با بررسی رویه قضایی دیوان داوری ورزش و اتاق حل اختلاف فیفا، در پژوهش حاضر در قالب مقاله علمی-پژوهشی مورد واکاوی قرار گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Termination of the employment contract between the club and the professional and its consequences with emphasis on FIFA rules and jurisprudence of sports law

نویسندگان [English]

Amirsaed Vakil ¹
Farzad Mazhary ²

¹ Assistance Prof., Department of Public Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

² University of Tehran- College of Farabi -Faculty of Law

چکیده [English]

On the one hand, an employment contract between a club and a professional player is subject to national labor laws and regulations, on the other hand, the contractual relationship should be considered binding upon the parties to it based on the principle of pacta sunt servanda,. The legal basis for terminating such a contract and its effects is set out in the FIFA Regulations on the Status and Transfer of Players (RSTP) and it has been developed by jurisprudence of the FIFA Dispute Resolution Chamber (DRC) and the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) profoundly. While the RSTP does not contain any further details regarding the concept of just cause, the question of whether the parties are entitled to terminate the employment contract unilaterally and prematurely remains subject to the additional application of Swiss law as a subsidiary law as well as case law of DRC and CAS. In this regard, only a material breach of an employment contract can possibly be deemed as just cause as a reason for its termination. A material breach occurs when the main terms and conditions under which the employment contract was entered into force are no longer implemented. This scientific research paper, in the light of a comparative study and analytic method, describes the circumstances and analyzes the subject-matter of termination of the employment contract between the club and the professional and its consequences relying on the FIFA rules as well as case law of DRC and CAS.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Consequences of termination
Court of Arbitration for Sport Dispute Resolution Chamber of FIFA
Just Cause

مراجع

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